DIY

Guide pratique : Créer un chauffage solaire à partir de cannettes ou de tôle ondulée

On December 25, 2024 , updated on December 25, 2024 - 5 minutes to read

Reducing energy dependence calls out to every citizen concerned about ecology. Designing a solar heater from cans or corrugated iron is a clever and economical initiative. This artisanal method offers a transparent alternative to conventional heating systems by harnessing the free energy of the sun.
Minimizing your carbon footprint becomes an essential priority in the fight against climate change. Transforming recycled materials into a sustainable heat source reduces waste while benefiting from economic gain. Reusing cans or corrugated iron demonstrates committed creativity in service of the planet.
Creating such a device proves accessible to anyone eager to embark on ecological DIY projects. The enthusiasm for this practice contributes to the growth of renewable energies and promotes a calmer future.

Key points
Air solar panels: Capture cold air and heat it to warm your home.
Use of soda cans: A cheap way to create a solar heater.
According to Engie, you could reduce your energy bills by up to 30%.
Simple manufacturing: Drill, clean, and assemble the cans, then paint them black.
Use corrugated iron: A quicker and more efficient option than cans, but slightly more expensive.
Screen heating: More effective for providing warm air, but a more complex design.
Solar fan: Accelerate air flow to enhance your system’s efficiency.
Storage options: Pass warm air through brick tubes for nighttime release.
Complement with other systems: Plan for supplementary heating for the coldest periods.

Building a solar heater from cans

Assembling a solar heater from cans is both a fun and economical approach. Collecting a good number of empty soda cans will be your first step. Prefer aluminum ones, as they offer advantageous lightness and have a great capacity to conduct heat. Cleaning each can thoroughly is crucial to remove any dirt.

The process begins by drilling several small holes at the bottom of each can, allowing cold air to enter. Next, the tabs must be removed to prevent any air blockage. The assembly is done by forming rows of cans fixed between two wooden panels. This structure should be covered with transparent glazing to maximize heat absorption. Black paint on the cans increases their ability to capture solar energy.

Corrugated iron system as an alternative

Using corrugated iron is an interesting alternative for designing a solar heater. This choice significantly simplifies construction and reduces manufacturing time. Arranging the iron sheets in rows and painting them black are essential steps to optimize their efficiency. The metal sheet, due to its larger surface area, also favors thermal exchanges.

Securing to a wooden frame must ensure that cold air can enter from the bottom, while warm air, when heated, rises and diffuses throughout your home. Equipping these panels with a glazing system is advisable, as this creates a greenhouse effect, allowing heat to concentrate inside the box.

Optimizing solar heating

Boosting the performance of a solar heater can be achieved through several technical tips. Installing a fan, for example, can increase the flow of warm air inside your home. Choose a computer case fan, powered by a photovoltaic module, to enjoy energy autonomy.

Another method involves passing warm air through tubes hidden in a brick wall. This system allows for heat storage and gradual release at night. By doing so, additional heating needs during cold periods will be more easily managed.

Final considerations and precautions

Using a homemade solar heater does not completely replace a traditional heating system. During sunny days, this device can significantly help reduce energy bills. However, in extreme weather conditions, it is better to couple this system with other heat sources, such as a pellet stove.

By following these steps and recommendations, an accessory solar heating installation can come to life. Undertaking such a project not only helps save energy but also contributes to environmental preservation.

Frequently asked questions

What materials are needed to create a solar heater from cans?
To make a solar heater with cans, you will need about 200 empty cans, wooden boards for the frame, glue, heat-resistant black paint, and possibly a plexiglass sheet.
How does a can solar heater work?
The principle is based on thermal convection: cold air enters through the bottom of the cans, is heated by the sun, then rises and is expelled into your home.
Is it difficult to build a solar heater from corrugated iron?
Building a solar heater with corrugated iron is generally simpler than with cans, as it requires fewer steps, but it still takes some DIY skills.
What is the difference between a can solar heater and one made from corrugated iron?
Solar heaters made of corrugated iron are often more efficient and require less handling, while those made of cans are cheaper but take longer to assemble.
Can cans of different sizes be used?
It is preferable to use cans of the same size to ensure better uniformity in air circulation and heating efficiency.
How can I maximize the efficiency of my can solar heater?
To improve efficiency, ensure your device is well-oriented towards the sun, use quality black paint, and consider adding a fan to speed up warm air movement.
What is the approximate cost to make a solar heater from cans?
The cost can vary, but generally, it remains under 100 euros if you recycle materials you already have.
Can my can solar heater be used during winter?
While it can provide some level of heating, it is advisable to use it alongside other heating systems during very cold periods, as efficiency may decrease.
Where can I install my can solar heater?
The best location is a south-facing wall, sheltered from shadows, where it can capture the maximum sunlight.
What other alternative heating systems can complement a solar heater?
Systems like pellet stoves, infrared heaters, or wood boilers can be good complements to ensure your home’s thermal comfort.